ASIC

ASIC stands for Application Specific Integrated Circuit.
ASIC industry boasts a highly automated and structured flow(series of steps)
to convert ideas into real silicon. It is called ASIC design flow.
There are several companies who offer software(s) called EDA tools,
which help convert ideas into silicon. Main EDA vendors are:
Synopsys
Cadence
Mentor Graphics
Magma Design Automation

Here are some very commonly used ASIC terms
RTL
Netlist
PnR
Layout
Simulation
Static Timing Analysis
Critical Path
Synthesis
Formal Verification
DFT